Classification of common lathe tool materials

1 high carbon steel:
High carbon steel turning tool is a kind of carbon steel with carbon content between 0.8% and 1.5%. After quenching and hardening, it is easy to temper and soften because of friction in cutting, and is replaced by other cutting tools such as high speed steel. Generally only suitable for cutting soft metal materials, commonly used are SK1, SK2, SK7, and so on.

2 high speed steel:
High-speed steel is a kind of steel-based alloy commonly known as white turning tool. The carbon steel containing 0.7-0.85% carbon is made by adding W, Cr, V and Co alloy elements. For example, 18-4-4 high-speed steel contains 18% tungsten, 4% chromium and 4% vanadium high speed steel. High-speed steel turning tools can produce friction heat up to 600C, suitable for turning speed below 1000rpm and threads, commonly used high-speed steel turning tools such as SKH2, SKH4A, SKH5, SKH6, SKH9 and so on.


3 non alloy alloy cutting tools:
This is a cobalt, chromium and tungsten alloy, because the cutting process is difficult to cast, it is also called superhard cast alloy, the most representative is stellite, its tool toughness and wear resistance is excellent, at 8200C temperature, its hardness is still unaffected, the degree of heat resistance far beyond high-speed steel, suitable for high-speed and deep cutting work.


4 sintered carbide tools:
The main composition of the tungsten carbide cutter is 50% ~ 90% tungsten. Titanium, molybdenum and tantalum are added to the cutter and the cobalt powder is used as the binder, and then sintered by heating. The hardness of the carbide tool is higher than that of any other material. It has three times the hardest high carbon steel and is suitable for cutting harder metals or stones. Because the material is brittle and hard, the carbide tool can only be made into sheets and then welded to a more soothing hilt, so that when the blade is passivated or cracked, another blade or a new blade can be replaced. This kind of turning tool is called a new blade. Disposable lathe tool.

Carbonized cutting tools are divided into P, M and K according to the different cutting properties of international standards (ISO). They are marked with blue, yellow and red colors respectively.

Class P is suitable for cutting steel, there are six kinds of P01, P10, P20, P30, P40, P50, P01 for high-speed precision turning tool, small number, high wear resistance, P50 for low-speed rough turning tool, large number, high shank blue to identify.

Class K is suitable for cutting brittle and hard materials such as stone, cast iron, K01, K10, K20, K30, K40, K01 for high-speed precision turning tool, K40 for low-speed rough turning tool, this kind of tool handle painted red to identify.

Category M is between Category P and Category M, suitable for cutting materials with greater tardiness, such as not?

5 ceramic turning tool:
Ceramic turning tool is made of alumina powder without adding a small amount of elements, and then sintered at high temperature. Its hardness, heat resistance, cutting speed is higher than tungsten carbide, but because of its brittleness, it is not suitable for discontinuous or heavy turning, only suitable for high-speed finishing.


6 diamond cutting tools
For advanced surface finishing, industrial diamonds with circular or edge edged edges can be used for light. More smooth surface can be obtained, mainly used for precision turning of copper alloy or light alloy, in the turning must use high speed, at least 60 ~ 100M / min, usually 200 ~ 300m / min.


Boron oxide 7
Cubic boron oxide (CBN) is a kind of material popularized in recent years. Its hardness and wear resistance are second only to diamonds. It is suitable for processing hard and wear-resistant ferroalloys, nickel-based alloys and cobalt-based alloys.